How to Identify the 10 Different Types of Clouds

How to Identify the 10 Different Types of Clouds SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you need to know the different types of clouds for school, or are you just interested in what’s up there in the sky? At first glance, all clouds can look pretty much the same, but with a bit of knowledge and practice you can soon learn how to tell exactly which kind of cloud you’re looking at. In this guide, we show you all the steps to becoming a cloud-identifying expert. We’ll go over the ten main types of clouds and give you the info you need to identify each cloud type, including cloud names, their shape, height in the sky, color, and the weather you can expect them to bring. We’ll end with some additional tips for identifying clouds, including easy tricks to differentiate similar-looking cloud types. The 10 Main Types of Clouds How many types of clouds are there? Generally speaking, there are ten main types of clouds you’ll see in the sky, and we discuss each of them below. For each of these different types of clouds, we’ve included a picture of the cloud, a short description, and the following additional information: Height: Where in the sky the cloud typically occurs (low-level, mid-level, or high-level) Color: The color of the cloud Shape: The form the cloud typically takes Weather: The weather the cloud is usually associated with or predicts Altocumulus Image source: Angelo Su/Flickr Height: Mid Color: White Shape: Heap-like and often grouped together Weather: Varies Altocumulus clouds are fairly common clouds that look like round white or gray patches in the sky. They are sometimes grouped in parallel lines and have been described as looking similar to tufts of wool or fish scales. Altostratus Image source: Wonderlane/Flickr (cropped from original) Height: Mid Color: White or light gray Shape: Thick and flat Weather: Usually indicate warmer weather is approaching; can cause light precipitation These clouds form a white or gray layer that blankets the sky at mid-level. There are usually no patches of blue sky when these clouds appear, but the sun is often visible as a dimly lit disk behind the clouds (although no shadows appear on the ground). Cirrocumulus Height: High Color: White or gray Shape: Rows of small patchy clouds Weather: Typically sunny and cold Cirrocumulus clouds are much smaller than most other types of clouds, and they are sometimes called cloudlets. They are found at high altitudes and are made of ice crystals. They often are arranged in parallel rows. They are one of the rarer types of clouds and usually don’t last long. Cirrostratus Image source: aivas14/Flickr Height: High Color: Transparent/white Shape: Wispy, but thicker than cirrus clouds Weather: Varies These are transparent, wispy clouds that cover most or all of the sky. The best identifier for cirrostratus clouds is a halo or ring of light surrounding the sun or moon. Cirrus Height: High Color: White Shape: Wispy or feathery Weather: May mean a warm front is approaching Wispy clouds located high in the atmosphere are likely cirrus clouds. They are thin and white with lots of blue sky visible. They can occur in fair weather or when a warm front or large storm is approaching. Cumulonimbus Height: Low (although can span all layers) Color: Pale to dark gray Shape: Dense and towering Weather: Thunderstorms Cumulonimbus are the classic â€Å"thunderstorm clouds†and are large towering clouds that are often dark in color. Seeing them is a sign that a storm is likely on its way. They can be very large, appearing like a mountain (sometimes with a flat top). Cumulus Height: Low Color: White Shape: Fluffy, tall, often described as looking similar to cauliflower Weather: Typically sunny The stereotypical puffy cloud you probably drew a lot of when you were a kid, cumulus clouds are dense individual clouds that are bright white on top and gray underneath. They typically appear earlier in the day when it’s sunny. Nimbostratus Image source: KNOW MALTA by Peter Grima/Flickr Height: Low Color: Dark gray Shape: Large thick layer Weather: Steady rain or snow Nimbostratus clouds form a thick, dark layer across the sky. They are often thick enough to blot out the sun. Like cumulonimbus clouds, they are associated with heavy precipitation, but, unlike cumulonimbus, you can’t pick out individual nimbostratus clouds. Stratocumulus Height: Low Color: White Shape: Fluffy Weather: Appear before or after a front/when there is weak convection in the atmosphere Stratocumulus clouds are somewhat similar to cumulus clouds but are flatter, thicker, and darker. There is less blue sky between the clouds, and the weather will appear more cloudy than sunny. Stratus Image source: Wikimedia commons Height: Low Color: Gray or white Shape: Featureless flat layer Weather: Gloomy weather, sometimes with light precipitation Similar to fog (but on the horizon instead of on the ground), stratus clouds are a gray featureless layer of clouds that cover all or most of the sky. Tips for Identifying Different Types of Clouds Even meteorologists can sometimes struggle with identifying certain clouds, so it helps to have a few tricks to fall back on. Use the following four tips to help you differentiate the various cloud types and figure out which type is currently in the sky. #1: Figure Out the Shape Typically, the easiest way to tell different types of clouds apart is by looking at their shape There are three main different cloud shapes, and they all look quite different from one another, so identifying the shape will help you narrow down your options easily before moving onto other steps and identifiers to determine which specific cloud type you’re looking at. Below are the three main cloud shapes (along with the cloud names) and the types of clouds that fall under them. Puffy (Cumulo-form) Cumulus Altocumulus Stratocumulus Cumulonimbus Cirrocumulus Thick layer (Strato-form) Stratus Altostratus Nimbostratus Wispy (Cirro-form) Cirrus Cirrostratus #2: Look at Where They Are in the Sky Once you’ve figured out the shape, the next step is to determine where the cloud is in the sky: low, mid, or high-level. This is a bit trickier than just deciding on shape and can take some practice to get good at it, but once you can reliably tell where a cloud is in the sky along with its shape, you often have enough info to correctly identify it. High-Level Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus Mid-Level Altostratus Altocumulus Low-Level Stratus Stratocumulus Cumulus Nimbostratus Cumulonimbus (although can span all layers) #3: Consider the Weather When you’re trying to identify clouds, don’t just focus on the clouds themselves; remember to look at the rest of the sky. The current or expected weather can help you with cloud identification, since many clouds are associated with a particular type of weather. Sunny Weather Cirrocumulus Cumulus Gloom and/or Steady Precipitation Stratus Nimbostratus Altostratus Storms Cumulonimbus Variable Weather Stratocumulus Cirrus Cirrostratus Altocumulus #4: Know Tricks for Identifying Similar-Looking Clouds Even after you’ve sorted the kinds of clouds you’re looking at into the correct categories based on shape, height in the sky, and accompanying weather, you may still be struggling between a couple different cloud types. And it’s true, there are some cloud types that look very similar to each other. Below are some tips for differentiating between similar-looking cloud pairs. Cirrus vs Cirrostratus Both these cloud types have similar wispy shapes, but cirrostratus clouds cover much more of the sky compared to cirrus clouds. Cirrus clouds will have lots of blue sky accompanying them, while for cirrostratus clouds, little or no sky will be visible, and the sun will likely be behind the clouds (typically with a â€Å"halo† around it). Cumulus vs Stratocumulus Both of these clouds have a puffy shape, but stratocumulus clouds have a more flattened, thicker, and darker appearance compared to cumulus clouds, which look more like puffs of cotton. Altocumulus vs Stratocumulus These two kinds of clouds look similar, but they are different sizes. If you hold your hand up to the sky, a stratocumulus cloud will be about the size of your first, while an altocumulus cloud will be closer in size to your thumb. Stratus vs Nimbostratus vs Altostratus These three cloud types can be difficult to tell apart since they all have a similar shape. Below is a unique identifier for each one. Stratus: Cloud type lowest to the ground; just slightly higher than fog. Can cause light precipitation. Nimbostratus: The clichà © â€Å"rain† cloud; dark in color and accompanied by steady precipitation. Altostratus: Less thick and doesn’t produce precipitation. Summary: What Are the Types of Clouds? If can be difficult to keep track of cloud names and the main types of clouds when you’re not sure what you’re looking for. Fortunately, a bit of studying is all that is required to easily identify most clouds. There are ten main types of clouds: Altocumulus Altostratus Cirrocumulus Cirrostratus Cirrus Cumulonimbus Cumulus Nimbostratus Stratocumulus Stratus You can identify these different kinds of clouds in three main ways: Shape Height in sky Accompanying weather There are also various tips you can use to differentiate between two types of clouds that look similar. What's Next? Want to know the fastest and easiest ways to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius? We've got you covered! Check out our guide to the best ways to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (or vice versa). Are you also learning about dynamic equilibrium in your science class? We break this sometimes tricky concept down so it's easy to understand in our complete guide to dynamic equilibrium. Writing a research paper for school but not sure what to write about? Our guide to research paper topics has over 100 topics in ten categories so you can be sure to find the perfect topic for you. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

How to Use the Versatile French Word Même

How to Use the Versatile French Word Mà ªme The French word mà ªme is a handy one to know. Loosely translated as same or even, the words meaning changes based on how it is used in a sentence. Mà ªme  may function as an indefinite adjective, an indefinite pronoun, or an adverb. Indefinite Adjective When used as an indefinite adjective, mà ªmes meaning differs according to whether it precedes or follows the noun it modifies:1) Before a noun, mà ªme means same. Cest la mà ªme chose!   Its the same thing!Jai lu le mà ªme livre.   I read the same book.Il aime les mà ªmes programmes.   He likes the same programs.Il a le mà ªme à ¢ge que moi. Hes the same age as me. 2) After a noun or pronoun, mà ªme emphasizes that thing and means (one)self or personified.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a perdu la bague mà ªme.   He lost the ring itself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je veux le faire moi-mà ªme. (stressed pronoun)   I want to do it myself.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elle est la gentillesse mà ªme.   She is the epitome of kindness. / She is kindness itself. Indefinite Pronoun Le mà ªme as an indefinite pronoun means the same and may be singular or plural.   Cest le mà ªme.   Its the same.Elles sont toujours les mà ªmes.   Theyre always the same.Cela / à §a revient (strictement) au mà ªme. It comes / amounts to (exactly) the same thing. Adverb As an adverb, mà ªme is invariable, emphasizes the word it modifies, and means even, (to go) so far as to.   Mà ªme Jacques est venu.   Even Jacques came.  Il avait mà ªme achetà © un billet.   He even went so far as to buy a ticket.  Ils sont tous partis, mà ªme le bà ©bà ©.   They all left, even the baby.  Je lai vu ici mà ªme.   I saw him in this very spot. Personal Pronoun Personal pronouns with  mà ªme  form the -self pronouns, which are personal pronouns of emphasis. moi-mà ªme   myselftoi-mà ªme   yourself (singular and  familiar)elle-mà ªme  Ã‚  herselflui-mà ªme  Ã‚  himselfsoi-mà ªme   oneself, yourselfvous-mà ªme   yourself (plural and formal)elles-mà ªmes  Ã‚  themselves (feminine)eux-mà ªmes  Ã‚  themselves  (masculine) Expressions mà ªme   right on, in, from; in position mà ªme que   capable ofde mà ªme que   just / right as (something happened)mà ªme que (familiar) moreoverquand mà ªme  Ã‚  even so, anywaytout de mà ªme   even soÇa revient au mà ªme.   That amounts to the same thing.Cest du pareil au mà ªme.  (informal)   Its always the same.en mà ªme temps at the same timeIl na mà ªme pas pleurà ©.   He didnt even cry.   mà ªme la peau  Ã‚  next to the skin mà ªme le sol  Ã‚  on the bare ground  Ã‚  Je suis parti et lui de mà ªme.   I left and so did he.  Ã‚   mà ªme:  dormir mà ªme le sol   to sleep on the floor mà ªme de   able to,  in a position tode mà ªme:  faire de mà ªme   to do likewise  or  the samede mà ªme que just asmà ªme que  (familiar) so much so thatmà ªme si   even if

Analysis Report of a Sylvia's Bar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis Report of a Sylvia's Bar - Essay Example This study has shown the current business scenario of the bar which provides how the pain points of this business are negatively helping it to occurring losses over the years. This analysis also provides the recommendations by which it might restructure its business strategies so that it can turn around from old traditional culture and provides services which match with the test and preferences of the young generations. Research Objective The purpose of study of the current business practice of Sylvia’s Bar has some objectives. These core objectives are to find out the likely wrong business practices which negatively catalysing the business for making losses over the years and recommend possible solutions which might help to turn around the business in a profit making positions. Research Methodology This business analysis of Sylvia’s Bar is based on primary research and as well as some secondary research also. The main key findings of problems came out by questioning th e customers (Appendix 1.1) of the bar and the staffs (Appendix 1.2) as well. Generally questionnaire is made by a list of questions and the same questions to the targeted samples. But here, different questions are asked to different customers who used to come earlier but not now. The feedback was taken from current and earlier customers in different parameters like Age, Profession, Choice of clothing’s etc. This research was made on both qualitative and quantitative analysis. To analyse the feedback of questionnaire, qualitative research method and for the numbers like the price of the product and services Silvia’s offer is compared with the local competitors who generally have strategy of regular price, more customers. The feedbacks of the customers and the staffs have shown that the bar’s business strategy doesn’t follow the trend of people’s lifestyle and choices. Study Findings Qualitative Analysis Local market survey shows that like Silviaâ₠¬â„¢s bar, many late night bars have opened on that high road of Birmingham like grass flower in the rainy season. They provide entertainment to their customer based on their choices and preferences and follow the trend of changes in customer’s choices. Sylvia’s was established in 1986 targeting the local bank employees and serviced offered at that time according to their choices and preferences and this is why it was so popular in its childhood. Not only this, Sylvia’s bar was only late night bar on the high street which opened after 11pm, and for this reason people from local pubs, who want to spare more time, used to come there as those pubs used to close at 11pm. But, now a days, this area is not that much popular and many younger prefer the fashionable Canal district for weekend night outs. This segment of people doesn’t have 80s or 90s mentality, lifestyles, choice of relaxation. Now trend has been changed and people like to relax in weekend nights in crowdie nightclubs with group of friends and colleagues where they will be provided regular priced dishes, wines, cocktails etc with remix tracks by popular DJs rather than like to spend the time of their relaxation in a silences environment especially in a bar where old classical songs and premium priced dishes and cocktails are available. The business strategies of Sylvia’s might work in a pores city like London where many community of traditional, classy

Research Methods -Research Critique Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Methods -Research Critique - Term Paper Example The research is characterized by biases in different aspects. The biases are depicted through non-randomness problem stating and investigation. Also, the unbiasedness of the research contributed to an imbalanced nature in the sense that the buffer group had four areas, the control group three areas while the treatment group had only one area. The three areas used collective qualitative data type. This data type consisted of both the independent and independent variables. The reader of the data can be able to verify it thus proving that the data source was reliable. The reader can also be able to compare the data with others data’s enhancing it verification ability. The process used involved the choosing of buffer areas. The areas were used to estimate the extent of displacement benefit. The collected rates were later summed up to provide compounded measure of individual death rate inside the buffer area. Adequate samples were collected which gave enough and relevant data, this made the sampling procedure used the best for that study. Dependent variables that provided enough information included the BSI tracking system and the State and National vital registration. Sufficient statistical figures were obtained from these sources. The dependent variables were directly related to the research making the information they provided first hand. Two assessments were done to get essential research findings. The first assessment showed that the BSI program contributed to a significant reduction in immigrant’s death rate. The second evaluation also showed a reduction in immigrant’s death rate due to a fast response of bolster agent. Traditional research execution methods were adhered to making the data from available sources reliable. The greatest limitation is that the effort by all the parties in the border trying to save immigrants lives are not recognized. The research only focuses on the two primary assessment

The Abortion Debate in the 2004 Presidential Election :: Politics Political Essays

The Abortion Debate in the 2004 Presidential Election Abortion is a major issue that affects individual lives daily. It has become a debatable factor in determining the solution in having the free choice for a woman to abort their unborn baby. Even though it was not fully recognized in the presidential election, there was discussion as to whether or not it is morally right to perform this practice. President Bush believes that aborting an unborn baby is morally wrong because he believes in protecting the rights of the unborn and believes that partial birth abortion is a vicious act that discriminates against children who are inches away from life. On the opposing side is Senator Kerry, who believes that aborting an unborn child should be permitted because he believes in protecting women’s choices and enforcing women’s privacy rights. President Bush believes banning abortion except for the cases in rape, incest, or to save the mothers’ life. He believes in the rights of the unborn and born baby. In 2003, President Bush signed the Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, which prohibits the practice that â€Å"performs the overt act, other than completion of delivery that kills the partially delivered living fetus.† (http://www.theorator.com/bills108/hr1545.html). By President Bush signing this act he explained that there would be the termination of this terrible act in killing innocent lives that are about to come in the world. â€Å"The bill I am about to sign protecting innocent new life from this practice reflects the compassion and humanity of America.† (http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/11/20031105-1.html). His main goal is to reduce the numbers of abortions in America. (http://www.issues2000.org/George_W__Bush_Abortion.htm). Senator Kerry believes that it is not the issue of pro-abortion but the issue of pro-choice. He believes that every woman should have the right of choice, which is taken away from her resulting in banning abortion. â€Å"My personal belief about what happens in the fertilization process is a human being is first formed and created, and that's when life begins† (http://www.sonrisecma.com/blogs/sonrise3/archive/2004/07/22/611.aspx). He believes that the government should not have a right to intervene in somebody else judgment and quotes on Bill Clinton statement that â€Å"Abortion should be rare, but it should be safe and legal and the government should stay out of the bedroom.†(http://www.npr.org/politics/issues2004/) He believes that enforcing women’s privacy rights would let the mother decide to abort her unborn baby or not. Liberal is pro-abortion and Conservation is anti-abortion. In both opposing sides, there are alternatives that relates to abortion.

Great expectations †review of three film versions Essay

In my English lessons I have been reading great expectations as part of my pro 1914-prose study, and have chosen to do my media assignment on film adaptations of the book. I will be comparing and contrasting the three film versions, David Leans 1945 film is the eldest version which is in black and white, the BBC serialisation and the latest BBC film version, and the original novel. I will structure my essay by writing about different areas of the adaptations e. g. soundtrack, first with similarities then differences between the versions. Sequencing: The sequencing of the opening scene of great expectations adaptations are all quite similar except the latest BBC adaptation, the David Lean and BBC serialisation have the same sequencing, book so it is unlike the 2 other film versions. The David Lean film and BBC serialisation have the sequencing almost of the book so tell the story in the same way as Charles Dickens did. While the David lean version is more compact due to time limitations and the BBC serialisations has more detail they both tell the same set of events in the same way. And only differ from the book in the very beginning where they show Pip the central character in the book running across the marshes to the church, where the book starts in the churchyard. The latest BBC version is very different form the book and two other adaptations in it’s sequencing, it starts with Pip running away from the convict across a wheat field, when the convict catches up with Pip in the graveyard, he asks no questions about his parents or where he lives like the book. It then switches straight to Pip running home across the marshes, when he arrives home events from the second chapter take place when the events of the first haven’t finished being explained. The rest of the sequences of the opening chapter take place as flashbacks while pips sleeping. Soundtrack: As with the sequencing the sound track for the latest BBC adaptation is very different to the other two versions as it has a different set of sequencing. The David lean version and BBC serialisations soundtrack are quite similar but the advances in technology makes the serialisation far more advanced than the older David lean version. The David Lean version soundtrack starts with the opening of the book being narrated by an older version of Pip as the younger version crosses the marshes. The BBC serialisation soundtrack is similar to the David Lean version as it begins with narration by an older version of pip as he crosses the marshes. And the latest BBC version soundtrack is very different to the other two, as it starts with quiet music and Pips heavy breathing and rustling as he is running away from the convict. The arrival of the convict is very similar in the David Lean version and BBC serialisation soundtrack with the same build up, whistling winds and creaking trees make up a tense atmosphere, which is shattered by the arrival of the Convict. This is very different in the Latest BBC version. The arrival of the Convict in the David Lean version soundtrack is marked by him grabbing Pip and Pip screaming, the convict then threatens Pip in the following dialogue. Then the convict turns him upside down a lot of rustling and jingling from the convict’s chain on his leg. The convict then demands items from Pip in the following dialogue while eating an apple and breathing heavily. At the end of the scene where Pip is running home across the marshes, the whistling winds from the graveyard are heard again. The arrival of the Convict in BBC serialisation soundtrack is different to the David Lean version you hear Pip trip and as he gets he catches sight of the convict and takes a surprised breath. The convict then moves toward him you can hear the chain on his leg jingle with every step he takes, he then talks to Pip. He shakes Pip lot’s of jingling and grunting, when he resumes dialogue with Pip he is eating a piece of bread. Just before the end of the scene the convict threats Pip speaking in a whisper, then walks of to bouncy music with his chain jingling. The Convict is introduced in the latest BBC version soundtrack by Pip falling with a thud, trying to hide breathing deeply. The Convict catches up breathing heavily and his chain jingling with his footsteps, as the Convict finds Pip, Pip lets out a scream then the convict say’s a short amount of dialogue. The David Lean and BBC serialisation soundtracks are quite similar but the Serialisation has the advantage of longer running time and detail and better technology, the only difference is the whistling wind at the end of the scene in the David Lean versions apposed to the bouncy music of the convicts departure in the BBC serialisation. The latest BBC version soundtrack is a far shorter and more condensed in the opening scene than the other two adaptations. Also large amounts of dialogue are missed out, even thought it befits from the best technology and methods out of the three adaptations it has the shortest and in my opinion worst soundtrack. Meise en scene: Meise en scene is French for what you can see such as characters, props and scenery. The main way to see the difference in the interpretation of the book in the adaptations is by what and how they present characters and locations on screen. As with the sequencing and sound tracking the David Lean version and BBC serialisation are very similar with few differences although the David Lean version is in black and white and the latest BBC version is very different to both of them. The David Lean version starts with the 1st page of Great Expectations opening then the rest of the pages blowing over. The BBC serialisation opens with some flowers on the book cover of Great Expectations wilting away, it is different to the David Lean opening but is clearly influenced by it. The latest BBC films different sequencing means different images appearing on screen at different time compared to the other two adaptations. It opens with Pip running through a golden wheat field, looking back over his shoulder, his face is dirty and his clothes are hard worn showing that he is a person of lower class in society. This is very different to the other two versions, which show the name of the film/book before the film begins. While the latest BBC version starts in the thick of the story. The appearance of the Convict is very similar in all three versions, which hold true to the book description ‘ A fearful man, all in course grey, with a great iron on his leg’. The David Lean version while holding true to the book description but makes the Convict more frightening to the audience than the other two versions, as it is limited to black and white to make an impact. The BBC serialisation shows the convict more as a worn out exhausted figure that is more likely to make audiences fell sorry for him than be frightened. He is truer to the description laid down in the book than the other to versions down the blackened face and rag tied around his head. The Convict in the latest BBC version is a cross between the two other versions he is more frightening in appearance than the BBC serialisation Convict, but less true to the books description and more detailed than the David Lean versions Convict. Conclusion: After watching and reviewing all three-film adaptations, I have decided in my opinion that the BBC serialisation is the best adaptation of the book. Because of the level of detail that tells the story as well and in the same fashion that made the book such a large success, I find it an excellent alternative or compliment to reading the novel.

The Management Of The Middle Management - 1291 Words

Ability Network’s upper management team has fostered an environment in which ineffective management thrives. In particular, this company struggles to successfully utilize its middle management and establish good working relationships between middle management and the employees they supervise. Twin Cities Business spoke of the importance of middle management in helping companies reach their goals, â€Å"Middle managers play pivotal roles. They lead front-line employees charged with performing important work that can help their companies reach their overarching goals (Fedor, 2014).† Employees at Ability Network do not understand the importance of middle management because of the poor job that has been done by this company to equip middle†¦show more content†¦Management should be sharing information, problems, and feedback upward to top management and downward in their groups (Griffin Moorhead, 2008). This position comes with a considerable amount of responsibili ty as they strive to satisfy both groups. Ability Network management have been unsuccessful in their attempts to balance both groups. The following reviews express the opinions of lower level employees in regards to the decision-making power, organizational structure, and responsibilities of middle management at Ability Network. A former employee at Ability Network had this to say about the responsibilities of middle management, â€Å"Middle management serves as the middle man for communication between upper management and direct supervisors. They only serve to delay communications and they don’t have the technical ability nor leadership ability to be effective (ABILITY Support Department: Titanic in 2015, 2015).† Another employee also voiced their opinion about middle management saying, â€Å"Too much middle management and not in the clichà © way that you usually hear it: there is literally too much management. There should not be six layers of management between a technician and the person in charge of their department. Good, constructive ideas are lost in the flow up the chain and needs remain unanswered and unmet as a result (Incompetence Breeds Stupidity, Creates Hell, 2015).†